Aardbevingsbestendige Woningen

Drie jaar geleden vond in de aula van het Academiegebouw van de Universiteit van Groningen het eerste KNAW Minisymposium ‘Aardbevingsbestendige gebouwen’ plaats. Op 24 maart 2020 zou het vervolg van het succesvolle symposium plaatsvinden, wederom op de Universiteit van Groningen. Helaas verhinderde de coronacrisis deze tweede editie van het symposium.
Ondanks het feit dat het evenement niet door kon gaan is er samengewerkt om een boekwerk op te stellen waarin artikelen van het symposium gebundeld zijn. Op deze manier kunnen belangstellenden op alternatieve wijze kennis nemen van de nieuwste inzichten.

Dit boekwerk bestaat uit tekst en artikelen van: Cisca Wijmenga, Tom Postmes, Joost Walraven, Joop Paul, Julia Finkielstzajn, Ihsan Engin Bal en Mick Eekhout.

Download hier de pdf versie van dit boekwerk, een gedrukte versie is te bestellen.

Publicatie acht boeken van Mick Eekhout cum suis

Op 18 maart zullen de eerste 8 boeken die ik een jaar geleden in mijn emeritaatsrede beloofde af te ronden, officieel overhandigd worden aan de rector van de TU Delft. Bij die gelegenheid zullen deze 8 boeken in een korte pitch beschreven worden.
IOS Press verzorgt inkijkexemplaren van de boeken. Tevens zal er de mogelijkheid zijn om de boeken tegen korting bij IOS Press te bestellen.
Het programma is van 15 u to 17 u met pitches en toespraken in de Berlagezaal van de faculteit Bouwkunde van de TU Delft.

Summary: Engineering Smart Cities of the Future

De 2 november conference ‘Engineering Smart Cities of the Future’ is alweer meer dan een week geleden. Na een aanzienlijk complexe voorbereiding om sprekers verspreid over de onderwerpen ‘Cities’, ‘People’ en ‘Digitalisation’ te verwerven en het programma te masseren, was er de flow van de maandag 2 november. Een aantal sprekers waren zeer interessant, anderen wat minder. Duidelijk was de controverse tussen de digitale industrie, de toenemende efficiency en het ‘Big-Brothereffect’ enerzijds, het verlies aan privacy en  de toenemende assertiviteit van mensen via de sociale media  waar stadsbesturen zich zorgen over dienen te maken.

Een aantal van mijn vrienden en kennissen mocht ik ontmoeten.

Voor hen en voor andere belangstellenden die helaas moesten afzeggen, bied ik hierbij mijn samenvatting en overdenkingen aan over ‘Smart Cities’.

Het is een populair onderwerp, waar we ons als architecten een beetje aan ergeren, want de architectuur is eeuwig en nu ineens moet er zo nodig van alles gedigitaliseerd worden. Maar de ontwikkelingen zijn niet te stoppen, hoogstens een beetje te sturen. In architectenkringen worden ‘Smart Cities’  als term een beetje beledigend gezien, want dat betekent dat steden vroeger ‘Dumm Cities’ waren en dat veroordeelt de architectonisch / stedenbouwkundige geschiedenis aanzienlijk.  We kunnen beter van ‘Smarter Cities’ spreken en ‘Smarter’ dan als de toenemende invloed van digitalisering zien. We waarderen de efficiency die daardoor beoogd wordt, dat we overal via onze ‘Smart Phone’ goed geïnformeerd raken als we in vreemde stedenlopen. We zien graag minder files, gemakkelijker parkeren, meer automatisch autorijden, meer kennis van gewoonten, voorkeuren en eigenschappen van de bevolking als onze vraagzijde als bouwende ontwerpers en nog meer zegeningen van de efficiency door digitalisering.

Voor mij geldt dat dit een deel is van het verkennen van de toekomst, de ‘Gebouwde omgeving van Nederland in 2040’ waarvan ik vind dat we ons moeten inspannen om die te verkennen nu de bouw in transitie is gekomen (volgens ministerie van EZ) en de samenleving in de komende jaren en decennia onder veel onafhankelijke invloeden behoorlijk zal veranderen. Daar hoop ik later nog eens op terug te komen.

Verder verwijs ik naar de website van de Netherlands Academy of Technology & Innovation AcTI van waaruit de conferentie werd georganiseerd:  www.acti-events.org. Op die site zijn alle key note voordrachten te vinden, opgenomen in de zaal via Collegerama, die je snel of langzaam kunt doorlopen.

We hebben alle key note speakers om een publicatie van hun powerpoints en lezingteksten gevraagd en als die beschikbaar zijn, worden ze ook op de website toegevoegd. In de hoop op onze verlichting, nadenken, discussies en verdere ontwikkeling van de stad.

Conference Engineering Smart Cities of the Future

weblogoOp 2 november vindt de conferentie: Engineering Smart Cities of the Future in de aula van de TU Delft plaats. Deze conferentie wordt georganiseerd door AcTI (Netherlands Academy of Technology and Innovation).

Smart Cities trekken veel belangstelling; er wordt over gepubliceerd en er worden symposia en conferenties over gegeven. Als ontwerpers uit de bouwkundige hoek hebben we in de afgelopen decennia de duurzaamheidsgolf doorstaan; nu is de beurt aan de digitaliseringsgolf. Die digitalisering wordt gestimuleerd door de ICT industrie en heeft als doel het leven efficiënter te maken. Dat lukt best in een aantal opzichten. Wellicht zullen we dankzij de informatiestromen en voorspellingen t.b.v. het verkeer het file probleem leren te vermijden, bijvoorbeeld. Maar er zijn ook nadelen zoals de aantasting van onze privacy en het waanbeeld van ‘Big Brother is watching You’. De individualisering die wordt  ingezet door de sociale media (van communicatie) en de informatisering van het internet zullen het gedrag van mensen gaan beïnvloeden. Denk maar aan de verjaardagsparty in Haren in 2012. Hoe kunnen de emotioneel vragende burgers die hun reacties kunnen accelereren via de digitale media in evenwicht gehouden worden. Is bijna meer een zaak voor burgermeester dan van architecten en stedenbouwers.

Toch is het voor ons interessant om te zien hoe de driehoek STAD / BURGERS / INFORMATISERING, er in de toekomst uit zal zien. De stad ‘Cities’, worden langzaam ontwikkeld, zijn grotendeels present en dienen misschien te worden aangepast. Gebouwen en infra kunnen wellicht efficiënter worden benut door en voor bewoners en verkeer. Bewoners en hun gedrag zijn beïnvloedbaar door α, β en γ aspecten. In de toekomst zal dat sneller en anders gaan dan we gewend waren. Hoe weet ik niet het is de moeite waard deze complexe puzzel, deze wiskundige vergelijking met veel te veel variabelen, te verkennen om eerder te kunnen zien wat de toekomst brengen kan. Zo houdt de troika City, People & ICT nog een aantal verassingen voor onze toekomst verborgen waar we graag kennis mee maken.

 

Materiaal en identiteit in de architectuur

Op 29 oktober 2015 organiseerde KIVI afdeling Bouw in samenwerking met afdeling Industrieel Ontwerpen en Stichting MaterialDesign een congres ‘Materiaal en identiteit in de architectuur van morgen’ in het KIVI gebouw te Den Haag. Nu gebouwen steeds meer het karakter van industriële producten krijgen is er aanleiding voor de disciplines om intensiever samen te werken en gebruik te maken van elkaars kennis.

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Mick Eekhout was een keynote spreker die in zijn presentatie is ingegaan op de relatie tussen technische (materiaal-) innovatie en identiteit van gebouwen in de wereld van morgen. Nieuwe materiaaltechnologie leidt tot nieuwe vormgevingsmogelijkheden voor architecten en dus nieuwe mogelijkheden om identiteit aan een gebouw mee te geven. Middels diverse voorbeelden kan hij aantonen dat dit in de praktijk voortdurend gebeurt.

 

 

The International Association for Shell and Spatial Structures 2015

The Annual International Symposium on Shell and Spatial Structures (IASS 2015) takes place in Amsterdam this week. Mick Eekhout will give four lectures and is one of the keynote speakers.2015_08_17 IASS 2015 2

The IASS (International Association for Shell and Spatial Structures)  has as its goal the achievement of further progress through an interchange of ideas among all those interested in lightweight structural systems such as lattice, tension, membrane, and shell structures.

The theme of the symposium is ‘Future Visions’ and the organisers are looking to connect academic, companies and government to discuss visions for the future, future visions and novel concepts and ideas. The challenge that the organisers set is to present step-changing new concepts that will lead to a better world and a better built environment. Special attention will be given to design, engineering, construction, operation and maintenance of shell and spatial structures as well as the potential impact that digital technology can have and has on the built environment and how we can improve our built environment with this technology.

The symposium is organized by the International Association for Shell and Spatial Structures (IASS) and the Royal Netherlands Society for Engineers (KIVI) and takes place on the waterfront of the IJ River at ‘Het Muziekgebouw’ from the 17th until the 20th of August.

Glass Performance Days 2015

Next week the Glass Performance Days 2015 are taking place, where international glass experts will congregate in Tampere (Finland) from 23-26 June. The Glass Performance Days is an independent expert forum for the world’s glass industry, engineering companies and specialist facade subcontractors. During this event, the conference, exhibition and workshops will bring together industry leaders and glass technology experts for three days to discuss, debate, and network.

On behalf of Octatube and the TU Delft, Mick Eekhout will give three presentations in the categories ‘Glass in Structural Applications’ and ‘Laminated Glass / Process / Design’.

30 years of Dutch Glass Developments and Innovations
Octatube has been on the forefronts of innovations of glass structures since 25 years. Beginning with the Glass Music Hall (1990) in Amsterdam 10x10x22m3 with tensile loaded glass, as the first structural glass project in the Netherlands;  a 10x10m2 canopy in Eindhoven with compressed glass panels; the highest glass façade with tensile truss stabilizations 52m high and 16 m width in Tel Aviv. Different Quattro glass nodes were developed. Even one system for seismic resistant applications in Japan. This system of tensile stabilizations was also applied in flat glass roofs often 30x30m2 with a macro stabilization system and a mini system to cover modules of 8x8m2. The connection from the earlier single glass, laminated glass and insulated glass units is fully bolted, in later innovations half bolted/half glued connections are developed and applied as also completely glued connections. Added to these developments of structural tensile stabilizations, Quattro connections and glued connections is the elegance of slenderness and beauty. Round tubes even are developed to elliptical cross sections of different form. Strong to withhold wind forces and slender in its silhouette, likes mast of sailing ships, but far stronger.  The current experiments are towards the use of glass fins in roofs and facades  covered with flat IGU panels, cold bent IGU panels or cold twisted glass IGU panels, for which use special details were developed that reinforce those glass fins to resist those details and loadings. Also the safety behaviour of glass fins is a major concern in order to increase the safe use of overhead glazing.


> download the full article here

Stiff and Flexible Tensile Structures
There are two ways to stabilize large glass surfaces by cable systems. The first one is according to the handbooks of applied mechanics the stiff stabilization where external wind and snow loadings are balanced by curved cable systems that only have modest reaction forces to the substructure to stay stable. In the last 30 years a number of cable stabilizations have been made in large glass covered façade projects. Generally speaking these stabilizations only take  a minimum in steel consumption for their stabilization. The reaction forces are quite modest and normally can be taken also in existing concrete buildings, where the glass cable structures are applied later.  The second one is active thanks to flat single cables with enormous pre-stress forces, which require large reaction forces from the surrounding substructures. These structures can only be applied in new buildings, where the large reaction forces can be generated from the beginning. Straight cable structures or cable net structures with single cables act as the high pre-stresses limit the deformation of the glass plane. Yet the entire  cable or cable net structure will deform under external loading more than a rigid cable structure stabilization in the first type as above described. There are different consequences for the glass panels. The glass panels in the corner areas can be loaded asymmetrically so that the glass panels are twisted during wind loading. The theory of cold twisting of glass panels which was developed by Dries Staaks at Octatube 10 years ago, is applied here.


> download the full article here

Glass Fins in Architecture
In the time of my professorship 1991-2015 I have initiated research & development of’ Zappi’ the unbreakable glass structural material. It lead to a number of development in my chair by Fred Veer up to 2005. Other research projects have shifted the borders of possibilities, but without much consequences for practice. Standing with both feet in industry and in academia, the possibility exists to enrich both sides with questions, project proposals and with experiences. In the meantime in practice projects were designed, developed and built that really shifted borders. A ‘Zappi’ bridge for the Chinese embassy in The Hague; translucent glass fins for the V&A Museum of London; Quattro main and triple secondary glass fins for the Municipal  Museum in The Hague with long and heavy loaded glass fins; extremely long glass fins for roof and facades of the Van Gogh museum in Amsterdam; all these projects display glass fins as the main components for load bearing structures in roofs and facades. Their safety behaviour after breakage of one plate is reason for practical research as well. The practice loading and destruction tests show that breaking of 1, 2 even 3 blades of a laminated triple fin does not lead to collapse and lethal danger.


> download the full article here

More information on the Glass Performance Days as well as the full program can be found by clicking on the links.

Professors in the Theater

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On the 2nd of June as part of the International Festival of Technology, three researchers of the TU Delft joined together in Delft’s Theater De Veste. Each researcher guided the audience on an adventure through their field of expertise.

Comedian, columnist, researcher and desginer Jasper van Kuijk together with Mick Eekhout (Architecture), Cynthia Liem (Multimedia Computing) and Diemer de Vries (Audible Acoustics) explored their limits within the field of acoustics while Liza Ferschtman, artistic leader of the Delft Chamber Music Festival 2015, was in charge of the musical performance.

This event was a production of Theater De Veste and the TU Delft.

Mick Eekhout becomes professor Emeritus

In 1992 Mick Eekhout – founder and general director of Octatube – has been appointed as (part-time) professor at the Faculty of Architecture of the Technical University Delft. At the Department of Architectural Engineering and Technology he has built the chair of Product Development. On the 20th of March 2015 Mick Eekhout will give his farewell speech in the Aula Conference Centre of the TU Delft, titled ‘The technical design dilemma: innovation or science?’.

>> download the farewell speech here <<
>> watch the farewell speech here <<

The university has announced the event with a news article which is adopted below:

A good architect is able to build as well as design. Mick Eekhout is firmly convinced of this. The Professor of Product Development managed to bridge the gap with the industry, and encourage students to acquire practical skills in his prototype laboratory. 20 March will be his last day in the Faculty and he recently gave his last lecture as a professor (photos by Marcel Bilow).

A staggering fifteen hundred students have passed through his Bucky Lab, assembling their self-designed prototypes from made-to-measure parts. This last point plays a key role: Eekhout is a keen advocate of industrial production methods in the construction industry. “Henry Ford is famous for inventing the conveyor belt assembly line, but it went further than this: his most important discovery was that you can work faster if you produce parts with minus tolerance. They always fit with no need for extra filing,” explains Eekhout in his office on the Rotterdamseweg. “It’s something that has just starting to dawn on us in the building industry. The building industry is used to the fact that nothing ever fits and that you work as an ad hoc football team that has never trained together.”

His prototype laboratory (Bucky Lab) nurtured the spirits of up-and-coming designers, prepping them for a new, industrial approach. Students were not just taught to build, weld and mill for themselves but were also given a mental push in the right direction. Eekhout refers to one of his main contributions to architectural education as “eradicating their fear of materialisation”. Building prototypes also helps students to think methodically about their designs and – more importantly – dispels their fear of thinking ‘big’. “The motto is: just do it!” is how he describes his infectious enterprising spirit. (…)

Generalising experiences
Mick Eekhout (1950) is no stranger to the ‘just get on with it’ mentality. He comes from a long line of contractors and has always had one foot in the world of industry. Since 1983, he has been owner-director of Octatube, a technical design-cum-production company (workforce of 80) specialising in spatial structures made mainly from glass and steel. (…) In addition, he wanted to contribute to the academic debate about creating a more efficient building sector and ways of achieving greater cohesion. In an effort to bridge the gap between academia and the construction industry, he became the driving force behind concepts such as Delft Design, Booosting and 3TU.Bouw/Bridging the Gap. And, of course, the Bucky Lab.

To Eekhout’s mind, design serves as “a tunnel that allows fundamental research results to flow into society”. Students design and build their own prototypes or construct existing designs from other materials. The Maison d’Artiste is one of the highlights from the prototype laboratory. Talented, passionate students made a digital reconstruction of this complex cubist design created in 1923 by the artist Theo van Doesburg, and urban planner/architect Cor van Eesteren, based on black-and-white photos. They then built it on a scale of 1:5, despite the seeming impossibility of such a construction. Eekhout: “It’s a prime example of how you can use research and education, in close collaboration with other disciplines, to make a contribution to a topical cultural debate.”

But Eekhout did not shy away from large-scale experiments either. He built Prototype1 at Rotterdam-Heijplaat together with students, PhD candidates and industry. One of his twelve books was about this project. The experiment showed that it is possible to build an energy-neutral house in a four-storey building by using the latest features and devices. He sees this as a potential breakthrough, in view of the fact that all new buildings must be built energy-neutral from 2020 onwards. At present, Eekhout is working on a follow-up with eight building consortia: a sort of Weissenhof Estate like the one built by Mies van der Rohe in Stuttgart in 1927, but for staircase-access flats with zero energy costs. “Energy-positive homes”, as he calls them. Eekhout: “Projects like this allow you to infiltrate the construction industry from within the academic world.”

His tireless endeavours for academic design and innovation earned him membership of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW). He is currently the only designer from a faculty of technology to have joined this illustrious company. “A great honour,” he says. But also recognition for his efforts to bring about real innovation and forge ties with other research disciplines. He intends to continue his work after turning 65. Eekhout: “I haven’t finished by a long chalk; we’ve only just got to the good bit.”

The prototype of Maison d’Artiste (4x4x4m) will be installed in the Mekel Park during the week of his farewell speech (20 March).